Ensuring the proper operation of a ship’s propulsion system necessitates the use of high-quality fuels. Several factors contribute to fuel quality, including the source of origin crude oil, refining methods, blending processes, and the quality of storage and distribution. Marine fuels must adhere to international standards such as ISO standards to be suitable for consumption on ships.

This article presents an analysis of over 6000 fuel samples obtained from two sample points within a purification system, conducted by independent laboratories. While all samples must meet the ISO 8217:2017 Standard for marine residual fuel before bunkering, this analysis focuses on elements with potentially harmful effects on marine engine systems. A comprehensive examination will be conducted, employing an inductive method to draw general conclusions about the current levels of abrasive impurities and other detrimental elements in fuels post-purification.

Specific attention will be given to elements like aluminium, silicon, vanadium, calcium, magnesium, lead, nickel, potassium, sodium, zinc, and phosphorus present in residual fuel oils. These elements, in certain forms or concentrations, pose challenges to marine engines. Testing conducted according to the IP 501 standard, utilizing inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry, is essential to ensuring smooth engine operation and mitigating damages and associated costs caused by abrasive fines in the fuel oil.

Suicid predstavlja značajan problem u savremenom društvu, često opterećen brojnim predrasudama koje doprinose stigmatizaciji i otežavaju preventivne aktivnosti. Iako se smatra da su psihijatri i psiholozi ključni u prevenciji, uloga zdravstvenih radnika u primarnoj zdravstvenoj zaštiti je vrlo važna, s obzirom na njihovu dostupnost i prvi kontakt sa pacijentima. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je ispitivanje stavova, uverenja i nivoa informisanosti zdravstvenih radnika (medicinskih sestara, lekara opšte prakse i specijalista) o suicidu, kao i identifikovanje obrazovnih i profesionalnih razlika koje utiču na formiranje ovih stavova. Istraživanje je sprovedeno tokom maja 2023. godine u dva doma zdravlja u Vojvodini i u njemu je učestvovalo 216 zdravstvenih radnika. Primenjen je upitnik, konstruisan na osnovu IKAB modela, koji obuhvata tri celine: društvena uverenja o suicidu, činjenične tvrdnje i lične stavove. Rezultati ukazuju da među ispitanicima postoje brojne predrasude u vezi sa suicidalnim ponašanjem, ali i da su medicinske sestre pokazale najmanji stepen netačnih uverenja. Značajne razlike u stavovima primećene su u odnosu na profesionalni status, pri čemu lekari opšte prakse češće izražavaju rigidnije stavove. Ukupna informisanost o suicidu bila je nezadovoljavajuća, posebno u segmentu činjeničnih znanja. Rezultati ovog istraživanja su ukazali na neophodnost dodatne edukacije zdravstvenih radnika, bez obzira na profesionalni profil, kako bi se umanjile predrasude i poboljšala efikasnost u prepoznavanju i reagovanju na suicidalne rizike. Ovi nalazi mogu da pomognu u kreiranju edukativnih i preventivnih programa usmerenih na smanjenje stigme i unapređenje podrške osobama u suicidnoj krizi.

The term "lifestyle" is a central concept of Adler's theory of personality, which he defines as a characteristic pattern of behavior that is a manifestation of a unique way of perceiving, conceptualizing, behaving and personal striving towards a goal that is filled with subjective meaning and represents part of the striving for power (Croake, 1975). Personality traits represent dimensions of individual differences that relate to a person's tendency to exhibit consistent patterns of thought, feeling, and action (McCrae & Costa, 1985). The research sample consisted of a total of 211 respondents, mostly students of the University of East Sarajevo surveyed via online questionnaires, of which 135 were female and 76 were male. Measuring instruments with satisfactory measurement characteristics were used: Questionnaire for examining the Big Five personality model (Goldberg, 1992), a modified version of the Allport-Vernon-Lindzis value scale for measuring lifestyles, a Scale for examining the sociodemographic characteristics of the respondents, and a Scale for examining academic performance. The obtained data show that of all personality dimensions of the Big Five model, only conscientiousness has a statistically significantly positive correlation with achieved academic success expressed through the average grade in studies (r=.24), which is not surprising, because this is a trait that is consistently associated with academic and business success in a large number of studies. Four lifestyle styles statistically significantly correlate with achieved academic success: family-sentimental style (r=.15), cognitive style (r=0.16), popularity-oriented style (r=-.19) and Promethean activism (r=.15). Although none of the mentioned correlations are high, they indicate the undoubted existence of a connection between these constructs and the role that lifestyles as complex systems of values, goals, attitudes and beliefs play in determining the final forms of behavior and achieved results within the educational system.

Nasilje nad ženama identifikuje se kao stalna odlika bosanskohercegovačkog društva, sa sve izraženijom tendencijom da i femicid postane njegova konstanta. U prvom dijelu rada analizira se značaj feminizma kao segmenta ideološkog političkog diskursa koji utiče na zakonodavnu aktivnost političke vlasti, ali i na društvo na opštem nivou u odnosu i borbi protiv nasilja nad ženama. Ukazano je na specifičnosti feminizma, na istoriju i razvijenost ženskog pokreta u Bosni i Hercegovini, sa fokusom na nedovoljnu prihvaćenost, uvaženost i uključenost feminizma u politički život našeg društva.

Porodica kao osnovna ćelija društva, danas je ozbiljno ugrožena, s obzirom da je povećan broj nasilja u porodici gdje je žrtva najčešće žena. Stoga, u kontekstu nasilja u porodici, drugi dio rada se bavi problematikom nasilja nad ženama, prvenstveno femicida, sa zakonskog aspekta.

Cilj je ukazati na značaj inkriminacije femicida i adekvatne zakonske zaštite žena, a sve u cilju prevencije femicida, procesuiranja i kažnjavanja izvršioca.

The existence of an efficient system of public health care in the social community is a characteristic for a quality social entity and a measuring element of the life quality in a population. Like any other sub-system in the state, it is necessary to finance the sustainable development of the public health system. The paper contains an analysis of several payments models from the funds of the obligatory health insurance to the health system and health service providers, with a presentation of the existing systems and models of covering costs. For this purpose, research was conducted by comparing historical data on health care costs and analyzing their trends. The aim of the paper is to research and select adequate financing models for provided health services, which is the job of managers in health care, in order to choose between several models developed for this purpose. The manner in which health care costs are settled in the Republic of Srpska, as well as the amounts in the observed period, is also shown. Conclusions on trends confirmed, that the costs of medical treatments, for which the state allocates money for the health care system, are increasing. At the same time, it was observed that the number of insured persons is decreasing, and that despite the relatively high average allocation for treatment per capita, considerable amounts of direct personal payment for services and medicines are still high, which are either not available from obligatory health insurance, or are difficult to access through regular procedures. Keywords: health care, health insurance, medical costs, financing models.

Aluminium and silicon particles in fuel known as “cat fines” are catalytic residues from the refinery process. They can cause mechanical damage to fuel pumps, injectors, piston rings and cylinder liners. They are very hard and highly abrasive, thus causing abrasive wear to main engine components. These impurities in marine fuel must be minimised to recommended levels. One of the main tasks of the fuel treatment plant on a ship is to separate solids and water from the fuel. Modern vessels are equipped with fuel separators which rotate at a high speed (more than 6,000 rev/min) producing centrifugal force and providing good separating effect even for small solid particles (Al+Si). Proper settling and regular drainage from the tanks, even when adequate filtration is applied, are not sufficient for proper fuel preparation. The quality of purifier operation varies over years because it is affected by a large number of factors. For the purpose of this paper, over twelve thousand fuel samples were analysed to determine the current efficiency of the purifiers and whether they can meet the stringent requirements of marine engine manufacturers. The data will be taken from a tanker ship, considering different operational scenarios. These scenarios are linked to the maximum possible fuel consumption on the ship during exploitation. Using the Simulink program for the system simulation, optimisation can be achieved in the operation of fuel separator. This optimization refers to the required amount of fuel and quality of separation, particularly concerning the removal of abrasive impurities.

This study provides a new perspective on trust in artificial intelligence (AI), examining people's attitudes toward trust in the use of AI systems in particular. The aim of this study is to examine attitudes and to know what are the advantages and disadvantages of artificial intelligence (AI). Also, in addition to the empirical part, this paper also deals with theoretical knowledge about artificial intelligence, which is the basis of the existing literature. For the purposes of this research, the authors created a survey based on secondary sources. The survey was conducted on the entire territory of Serbia. The subject of this work is the examination of the attitudes and knowledge of the inhabitants of Serbia about artificial intelligence as well as its technologies, which focuses on a deeper understanding of the perceptions and attitudes of the public in Serbia about artificial intelligence.

This paper tries to highlight the importance of identifying dimensions of service quality and their impact on the satisfaction and loyalty of users of services provided by insurance companies in the Republic of Serbia. The focus of the study is on analyzing the key parameters of service quality and user satisfaction. The aim of the paper is to investigate the differences between expected and perceived characteristics of insurance services based on the Servqual model. The total sample in this research is 112 respondents. The specific objectives are the analysis of the differences in the ratings of the dimensions of the expected and observed attributes of the Servqual scale in relation to socio-demographic variables, such as gender, age and level of education. Based on the results of empirical research, it was concluded that all service quality parameters play a key role in user satisfaction. The results show that the five basic dimensions of Servqual – tangibility, reliability, accountability, security and empathy – have a significant and positive association with overall perceived service quality

The beginnings of artificial intelligence are linked to 1956 and the Dartmouth conference organized by Stanford University. From those beginnings until the end of the 20th century, its development was relatively slow due to hardware and software limitations. However, the 21st century brings a turning point in every sense. ln the 21st century, there was also a division into specialized artificial intelligence, which was primarily developed in the 20th century, and general artificial intelligence, on which the focus of development has been placed in recent decades. The positive economic effects of the adoption of artificial intelligence, according to the conducted research, are unequivocal. The effects on individuals and humanity are significantly more open to discussion. Almost half of the respondents in the conducted research are not in favor of accepting artificial intelligence for private purposes, and the other half is almost equally divided between those who do not have an opinion on this issue and those who are not against its acceptance. About 70% of respondents believe that artificial intelligence can become a threat to humanity and the mental health of individuals. At the same time, the majority of respondents do not see challenges in their employment. As a solution, the respondents see a clear and strict regulation of the development and possibilities of artificial intelligence itself. Institutions of the society we live in and companies that develop artificial intelligence are seen as responsible for this regulation. A real step in this direction was taken by the European Union with the adoption of the Act on Artificial Intelligence in March 2024. What is expected is that this example of the EU will be followed by other countries, which would ensure the correct development and use of artificial intelligence for the general benefit of humanity, which it should serve. 

The digital technological revolution began in the second half of the last century. Its development in the first decades after the discovery of the transistor was rather slow. Acceleration and a wider awareness of the possibilities began to spread after the introduction of the Internet. And then the last two decades brought rapid development of digital technologies and general acceptance in private and business life. The benefits for individuals, companies, institutions and society as a whole are enormous and unquestionable. Nevertheless, bearing in mind the conducted studies on the degree of digitization of certain areas of society and certain countries, it is considered that the potential is huge. And significant breakthroughs supported by artificial intelligence are still expected. However, in addition to the undoubted benefits, there are also certain negatives, which are not sufficiently clarified or which are often obscured. Therefore, this paper aimed to determine the attitudes of the users themselves towards digital technologies, and in its last part, it examined the existence of negative effects on the mental health of users of digital technologies. The results are expected in the part of the examination of the benefits arising from the use of digital technologies. The existence of negative effects on the health of users is not a surprise either. The surprise is the degree of negative impact and lack of corrective action by the user. In other words, users are aware of the negatives that arise from, primarily, the excessive use of digital technologies, but they still do almost nothing to reduce these negative consequences.