The way to clarify the concept of society role in local government affairs by implementing collaborative governance. Hartley, et al., had created the term ‘collaborative governance’ to highlight multi-stakeholder engagement across organizations as viable alternatives or additions to coordination with market competition and hierarchical solutions (Hartley, Sørensen, & Torfing, 2013). This research aims to analyze and describe Collaborative Governance in Increasing Tourism in the New Normal Era during Covid 19 Pandemic in Indonesia. The results show that in response to the Covid-19 Pandemic, the World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) in 2020 has revised the growth prospects of international tourists negative from 1% to 3%, while in Asia and Pacific will be the worst affected regions, with an expected drop in arrivals of between 9% and 12%. The tourist visits to Indonesia are slowly decreasing. Cumulatively from January to March in 2020, the number of tourists who came only reached 2.61 million people or dropped drastically by 30.62 percent; compared to the same period in the last year, 3.76 million people. When compared to February, the number of tourist arrivals decreased by 45.50 percent; While when compared to the same period last year the decline was recorded even more drastically, which is 64.11 percent. The decrease from the tourism sector is predicted to reach IDR. 60 trillion Rupiah. The Central Government through the Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy, and supported by the Government at the Provincial/Regency/City level through the Tourism Office and tourism business entrepreneurs in the region is trying to prepare destinations in accordance with the “new normal” conditions post-Covid-19 in accordance with the principles of hygiene and excellent sanitization, as well as creating tourism destinations that are encouraged to continue in improving and increasingly aggressive in applying the principles of sustainable tourism development (resilience, sustainable, and responsible).

Optical detection of plant stress in real-time is crucial as it enables timely interventions to mitigate potential damage. This study presents a detailed evaluation of a system that detects changes in plant metabolism in real-time by distributing optical signals across the leaf. The methodology facilitates continuous monitoring of changes in the optical properties of plant leaves through measurements of optical transmission coefficients using a 665 nm LED light signal, thereby recording the circadian rhythm over time. Given that the photosynthetic processes within the leaves are closely linked to the plant’s overall health, this system can detect stress caused by various factors and identify metabolic changes by analysing the circadian rhythm patterns of the observed plants.
For inducing metabolic changes, the plant Vriesea carinata Wawra, a verified representative of dual metabolism, was subjected to high light intensity stress. To validate the method, the collected results were compared with data obtained through chemical methods to establish a correlation between the traditional, destructive method and the non-destructive, optical method.
The findings successfully identify circadian rhythms as parameters for recognizing changes in plant metabolism, demonstrating the significance of the proposed method in researching plant physiology through the optical identification of biological processes.

The conductometric study of ligand structure influence on the Pb(II) complexation with crown ethers in different solvents has been investigated. In this paper, the complexation reaction of macrocyclic ligand, 18-crown-6 (18C6), dibenzo-18-crown-6 (DB18C6), and Pb(II) cation was studied in different solvents: dichloromethane (DCM) and 1,2- dichloroethane (1,2-DCE). The effects of surfactant structure (Triton X-100 and Triton X-45) on the conductivity of the Pb(II) complex with 18-crown-6 and dibenzo-18-crown-6 ether have been investigated. The conductance data showed that the stoichiometry of the complexes in most cases is 1:1(ML). It is also demonstrated that the influence of crown ethers is deeply affected by the organic solvent used. In the solvents studied, the stability of the resulting complexes showed higher stability in dichloromethane comparing with 1,2- dichloroethane. Macrocyclic ligand 18-crown-6 showed more suitable for complexation of Pb(II) ions compared to dibenzo-18-crown-6. Adding a surfactant affected the higher absolute values of the conductivity of systems, but not the change in the stoichiometric ratio between a metal ion and macrocyclic ligand.

The substantial advantage of 3D printing is the ability to fabricate complex shapes objects from liquid molecules or powder grains which joins or solidifies using computer design files (CAD) to produce a three-dimensional object with material being added together layer by layer. This process is considered as an industrial technology. The most-commonly used 3D printing procedure is a material extrusion technique called fused deposition modelling. The producers of 3D printers have already developed prototypes for education purposes. The importance of the incorporation this printing method in schools is the fact. The learning experience for digital media is becoming a priority in school education. The practical application of this technique can be incorporated into a wide variety of school subjects to simplify the sophisticated theoretical concepts. 3D printing is the example of cooperation within material science and mathematics but this platform is very often not supported by the high school curriculum, but latest trends propose different approaches and make education close to the science achievements and contemporary life. Building lessons plans and project could help students to learn more contemporary achievement in this field. It is new trend to support enthusiastic teachers who want to implement this method of additive manufacturing in education. This paper provides an overview of 3D printing methods and highlights the possibility of their implementation in educational techniques.

The beginnings of artificial intelligence are linked to 1956 and the Dartmouth conference organized by Stanford University. From those beginnings until the end of the 20th century, its development was relatively slow due to hardware and software limitations. However, the 21st century brings a turning point in every sense. ln the 21st century, there was also a division into specialized artificial intelligence, which was primarily developed in the 20th century, and general artificial intelligence, on which the focus of development has been placed in recent decades. The positive economic effects of the adoption of artificial intelligence, according to the conducted research, are unequivocal. The effects on individuals and humanity are significantly more open to discussion. Almost half of the respondents in the conducted research are not in favor of accepting artificial intelligence for private purposes, and the other half is almost equally divided between those who do not have an opinion on this issue and those who are not against its acceptance. About 70% of respondents believe that artificial intelligence can become a threat to humanity and the mental health of individuals. At the same time, the majority of respondents do not see challenges in their employment. As a solution, the respondents see a clear and strict regulation of the development and possibilities of artificial intelligence itself. Institutions of the society we live in and companies that develop artificial intelligence are seen as responsible for this regulation. A real step in this direction was taken by the European Union with the adoption of the Act on Artificial Intelligence in March 2024. What is expected is that this example of the EU will be followed by other countries, which would ensure the correct development and use of artificial intelligence for the general benefit of humanity, which it should serve. 

Предмет рада јесте употреба Интернета за пословање предузећа. Актуелност ове теме проистиче из чињенице да у новој дигиталној ери могућности и предности електронског пословања и електронског трговања чине значајан потенцијал који треба искористити на најбољи и најефикаснији начин. Циљ рада јесте да укаже на предности Интернета за пословање са једне стране што штеди време, а на другом месту је и новац. Али овакво пословање путе интернета има и озбиљну сметњу заживљавању онлајн шопинга јер представља недовољну сигурност онлајн трансакција. Људи се и даље нерадо одлучују да број своје кредитне картице пошаљу преко мреже или сајта. Посебно је наш народ у Србији, претежно на Косову и Метохији специфичан по склоности информаци- оним технологијама и поверење у интернет пословање. Хипотеза рада јесте да је пандемија COVID-19 променила понашање потрошача и предузећа на тај начин што се већина њих преусмерила на интернет пословање. Помоћне хипотезе рада јесу да је Интернет тржиште једно од највећих светских тржишта у развоју и друга помоћна хипотеза јесте да уколико постоји квалитетна понуда, корисници се лако одлучују на куповину путем Интернета јер она подразумева већи избор, једноставно поређење цена између више продавача те услугу доставе на кућна врата, што значи уштеду времена. Међутим, реално је очекивати да се у блиској будућности превазиђе и овај проблем, пошто технологија и у овој области веома брзо напредује. Прво питање, које се поставља при извођењу трансакција, јесте питање поверења у оне са којима се посао обавља. У електронским трансакцијама, пословање се одвија између две или више страна, које су физички раздвојене. Оно што они који нуде производе и услуге морају да обезбеде јесте поверење купаца и корисника услуга. У раду биће примењене Опште научне методе: анализа, синтеза, индукција, дедукција, компаративна метода, статистичка, историјска метода, и друге методе иманентне друштвено хуманистичким наукама.

Many modern threaded joints especially in the oil and gas industry, must satisfy high requirements for steel mechanical properties of which they are made. To ensure efficient threading of such hard-to-machine materials (ultimate strength is more than 1250 MPa), it is necessary to use carbide cutting inserts with the negative rake angle at its corner. However, modern manufacturers of such inserts make them only with a zero value of the rake angle. This is due to the difficulty of profiling of the insert cutting edge. This article proposes the basics of such inserts automatic profiling which is based on the algorithm developed by the authors. It includes two corrective calculations of the insert cutting edge profile, namely: the radial displacement of the corner and the tangential displacement of the area forming the crest of the thread. As a result, the computer application with the input parameter of the rake angle and output parameter of the upgraded profile of the insert cutting edge is received.

Marketing in tourism is a systematic Korupcija je jedan od najdestruktivnijih i najkompleksijih problema današnjice, a njene poslјedice negativno utiču na poslovanje preduzeća, političku stabilnost zemlјe i standard stanovništva. Na globalnom nivou korupcija predstavlјa značajnu barijeru u međunarodnoj trgovini. Ukupni troškovi prevara teško da će se objektivno sagledati, a posebno će biti teško izračunati indirektne štete koje prouzrokuju prevare. Neke prevare neće biti nikada otkrivene. Procjenjuje se da prosječno organizacije u svijetu gube 5% godišnjih prihoda radi prevara. Mala smanjivanja troškova zbog prevara mogu značajno da povećaju profit organizacije. Vlade mnogih država donijele su nacionalne programe borbe protiv korupcije. Implementiranje antikorupcionih programa u mnogome zavisi od razvijene svijesti i etičke kulture u preduzećima. Međunarodna organizacija za standardizaciju razvila je standard ISO 37001- Sistem menadžmenta za borbu protiv korupcije. Međunarodni standard omogućava organizacijama svih vrsta sprečavanje, otkrivanje i rješavanje korupcije usvajanjem politike protiv podmićivanja, imenovanjem osobe koja će nadgledati poštivanje mjera za podmićivanje, obukom, procjenom rizika i dubinskom analizom projekata i poslovnih saradnika, provođenjem financijskih i komercijalne kontrole, te uspostavljanje postupaka izvještavanja i istrage. Pružajući globalno priznat način za rješavanje destruktivnih kriminalnih radnji koje pretvaraju bilijon dolara prljavog novca svake godine, ISO 37001 direktno se bavi jednim od najrazornijih i najizazovnijih svjetskih problema i pokazuje predan pristup suzbijanju korupcije. U radu je predstavlјeno istraživanje nivo korupcije u Bosni i Hercegovini, koje je poređeno sa nivom korupcije u drugim zemlјama, kao i korelacija sa globalnim indeksom konurentnosti. Na kraju rada predstavlјena je metodologija za projektovanje i uvođenje sistema menadžmenta za borbu protiv korupcije u preduzeću. Rezultati istraživanja donose nove naučne činjenice i saznanja u borbi protiv korupcije i metodološki postupak za implementiranje sistema menadžmenta za borbu protiv korupcije u preduzeću.

Job satisfaction is positive emotional state, which is result of evaluation of some work experience. It is a multidisciplinary phenomenon, which is influenced by multiple internal and external factors. In this paper, employee satisfaction or job satisfaction was observed as a dependent variable, while interpersonal relationships are defined as influencing factor, i.e. independent variable. Interpersonal relationships imply establishment of social relations and connections between individuals at work. Interpersonal relationships can be defined as the subjective experience of employee in interaction or connection with another person (colleagues or superiors). Factors such as gender, age, education, work experience and job position are included in the analysis as control variables. Main hypothesis in this paper states that positive interpersonal relationships have impact on employee satisfaction. The independent variable is divided into three segments, namely: communication and work climate, relationship with superiors and relationship with colleagues. Each segment of interpersonal relationships was separately tested in relation to the dependent variable. The base of this paper is an empirical research conducted in 2019. Based on the survey questionnaire, data from 143 employees in the surveyed company were collected. Data processing was performed on the basis of statistical software for social sciences-SPSS. Descriptive and correlation analysis were applied in the data analysis. All hypotheses tested were confirmed. Testing the hypotheses confirm that there is a statistically significant relationship between observed variables and that there is a moderate positive correlation, which implies that interpersonal relationship is a factor of job satisfaction. Main limitation of this research relates to the observation of relationship between variables in a single business entity. However, the coverage of all employees in the conducted research and the high response rate of employees (82%) provide a good basis for data analysis and giving some general conclusions. Detailed description of research methodology enables its repetition in other organizations.